Strengthening the Resilience of Ukraine’s Export Logistics

Under wartime conditions, Ukraine’s export logistics system has maintained its ability to keep goods flowing to foreign markets, but it has become more dependent on a narrower, more costly, and less predictable set of routes. Road transport increased its share of export value from 22.3% in 2021 to 39.8% in 2025, while maritime transport remains the dominant mode by volume, accounting for nearly 70% of export volumes. At the same time, the system remains vulnerable due to the concentration of flows at a limited number of border crossings, ports, and rail corridors, as well as limited route diversification.

Key challenges include state monopolies and state ownership of ports and railways; the absence of a state policy for allocating cargo across transport modes and a single regulator of tariffs across transport modes; Poland’s RMPD regime and the EU’s new “90/180” rule for drivers; war-related damage to railway infrastructure and disruptions caused by air attacks; low levels of containerisation; underutilisation of river transport; and the lack of market safeguards, including blacklists for carriers and freight forwarders. These constraints are compounded by reduced wartime cargo volumes and a critical strategic vulnerability – the lack of a viable alternative to the maritime corridor, while Poland accounts for roughly half of Ukraine’s international road border-crossing capacity.

How can Ukraine strengthen the resilience of its export logistics and reduce its dependence on individual routes and critical nodes? The analytical report identifies priority measures to strengthen the system in the short and long term.

For more details, see the analytical report “Strengthening the Resilience of Ukraine’s Export Logistics.”